Among the tiniest but very vital components of any plumbing system are pipe nipples. Each is designed for a distinct use and exists in many forms. Fifteen varieties of pipe nipples will be introduced to you on this page. We will also explain their uses and assist you in choosing the correct one, depending on your needs.
What are pipe nipples?
Usually metal or plastic, a pipe nipple is a tiny portion of a pipe with threads on both ends. These threads let the nipple fit valves, fittings, or other pipes by screwing into them. This minimizes leakage without fluid or gas escaping them and strengthens the close connection. Pipe nipples are crucial for numerous plumbing uses and are available in different lengths, sizes, and materials.
Pipe nipples find use in:
- Connecting pipes of different sizes
- Lengthening the course of a pipe
- Bonding various types of fittings
- Designing joints that are readily dismantled and rebuilt.
15 Types of Pipe Nipples
1. Close Pipe Nipples
Their length is very short. The threads almost cover the entire length of the pipe. They are perfect for tight connections since they have little or no exposed pipe between threads.
Close pipe nipples are generally used in confined places where a correct, safe connection is necessary. Common in high-pressure systems include boilers and residential water heaters. Their compact size makes them very handy in difficult-to-reach areas—for instance, compact mechanical fins or behind walls in home plumbing systems.
2. Hexagon Nipples
The part in the middle of the pipe looks hexagonal; hence, these nipples are easy to identify. This form gives a strong grip by allowing simple tightening or loosening using a wrench.
Hexagon nipples are best used in a system where the components must always be maintained or adjusted. They are often found in gas pipes, HVAC systems, or industrial equipment. The nipple, with its hexagonal shape, allows technicians to use a wrench for installation and removal without damaging the threads.
3. Long Pipe Nipples
Long pipe nipples are fitted to extend the length of the pipe. They come in different lengths, and they have threads on each end.
These join two pipes or fittings that do not need extra joints. Long pipe nipples are standard in sprinkler systems, irrigation works, and HVAC ducting. A long pipe nipple that threads directly into the case helps you get rid of extra connections, which, in a system, could potentially mean that something could go wrong in another place.
4. Reducing Pipe Nipples
Reducing pipe nipples are used to connect pipes of different sizes. The diameters at each end allow for this connection. This function replaces the individual reducers or adapters.
These nipples are widely used in water supply, HVAC, and piping networks, requiring many transitions between pipe diameters. Reducing nipples is often important when modernizing pre-existing systems that necessitate running through pipes of a different size. They allow for a smooth transition and ensure continuity of system integrity.
5. Barrel Nipples
Barrel nipples are longer than usual. They have threads on both ends and a smooth, unthreaded area in the center. This configuration provides even more freedom when installing.
Gas and water supply systems requiring a longer connection between two places can utilize barrel nipples. Another widely used field is in commercial applications such as machine and equipment interconnections. The extra length enables perfect component arrangement and positioning during installation.
6. Swage Nipples
Swage nipples are utilized to link pipelines of various sizes. However, unlike decreasing nipples, swage nipples link pipes of varying diameters by slow tapering from a bigger to a smaller size. This design preserves the flow properties of the fluid through this pipe.
They are perfect for high-pressure systems such as oil and gas pipelines where maintaining fluid flow efficiency is essential. They are also widely used in the chemical processing industries, where fluid flow must be seamless to prevent turbulence and pressure drops. The gradual reduction in diameter helps reduce and eliminate disturbances of running fluid, thereby supporting the system’s proper functioning.
7. Welded Pipe Nipples
Welded pipe nipples, as the name suggests, are made to be permanently welded into a pipework system. They offer a strong, secure link to handle high pressure or temperature.
These nipples are used primarily in steam pipes, boiler systems, and other industrial applications where a leak-free connection is essential. The welded joint makes them suitable for heavy-duty environments. Welded-on nipples become a permanent part of the system and provide long-term durability.
8. Threaded Pipe Nipples
The threaded nipples have threads on both ends. They can easily be installed simply by screwing them into pipe fittings. These nipples come in steel, brass, and plastic for various applications.
Threaded pipe nipples are widely used in commercial building systems, industrial piping, and household plumbing applications. They are great for couplings that might need to be removed and reassembled (i.e., water supply lines, gas lines, or HVAC systems). Their threaded construction also makes it easy to install and remove, thus helping many uses.
9. Seamless Pipe Nipples
Since a seamless pipe nipple is produced without any welded seams, this makes the product more durable and sturdy. These nipples are ideal for high-pressure use. The absence of seams diminishes the chances of leaks or failures when dealing with a demanding application.
These pipe nipples are used in chemical processing plants, refineries, and power plants where temperature and pressure resistance are required. Their durability and strength make them suitable for use in environments where reliability is extremely important. Seamless nipples are necessary when critical systems require the highest structural integrity and failure resistance.
10. Black Pipe Nipples
Black pipe nipples, manufactured from black steel, are used in oil and gas projects. While the nipple is less resilient to corrosion than galvanized or stainless steel options, its black coating helps minimize susceptibility.
Black pipe nipples are commonly used in natural gas pipelines, oil supply systems, and other fuel transfer applications. This black steel material is best used in installations that put endurance first and look secondary. Fire sprinkler systems and industrial equipment construction make use of these nipples as well.
11. Galvanized Pipe Nipples
These nipples are coated with a zinc layer, providing good rust and oxidization-resistant properties. It has the added benefit of being suitable for use in settings where your plumbing system is exposed to dampness.
Irrigation systems, water supply lines, and outdoor plumbing are prime examples of galvanized pipe nipples being used. They are also relatively common in aquatic environments, where seawater exposure adds to the corrosion risk. In applications that require durability, the zinc coating helps these pipes last longer, offering you a reliable choice.
12. Brass Pipe Nipples
Brass pipe nipples are composed of a copper-zinc alloy material. They have excellent corrosion resistance and strength. Also, being a biostatic material, brass nipples can be an ideal choice for water systems where sanitation is essential.
Hot water distribution systems may have brass pipe nipples as brass can tolerate greater temperatures without deteriorating. They are also very commonly found in water purification systems and maritime uses. They are frequently seen in systems where dependability and performance are critical. Brass nipples are well-known for their extended lifetime.
13. Stainless steel nipples
Perfect for demanding settings, stainless steel nipples are firm and corrosion-resistant. They have numerous grades; 304 and 316 are the most often used. Their corrosion/chemical resistance varies in degree.
Stainless steel nipples have a place in chemical processing factories, marine environments, and food and beverage manufacturers. They are ideal for use in systems where cleanliness and durability are at a premium. Even the pharmaceutical industry and other sectors where purity is compulsory to use stainless steel nipples.
14. PVC Pipe Nipples
Light, easy-to-install PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) pipe nipples are rustproof. Its non-conductive nature and resistance to various chemical compounds make it usable for many purposes.
PVC Pipe Nipples are commonplace in residential plumbing, irrigation systems, and water treatment plants. They are also somewhat common in electrical conduit systems where their non-conductive characteristics are a benefit. From basic plumbing repairs to sophisticated water management systems, PVC nipples are flexible and can be used in many fields.
15. CPVC Pipe Nipples
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) pipe nipples are built to handle higher temperatures but have a PVC-like appearance. This makes them suitable for hot water and other heat system applications.
Perfect for residential and commercial hot water systems, chemical processing plants, and industrial piping. Many plumbing uses favor their simplicity of installation and longevity.
Advice on the Selection of the Correct Pipe Nipple
The pipe nipple you pick will define the safety and efficiency of your plumbing system. Here are some salient features to be considered:
- Material: The pipe nipple’s material should fit the criteria of the application. This would include stainless steel for corrosive environments, brass for hot water systems, etc. PVC and CPVC are great for lightweight uses and chemical resistance.
- Size and Length: Match the nipple length and diameter to system requirements. The most common diameters are about 1/8 inch, 1/4 inch, 1/2-inch conduit, 3/4 inch, and 1 inch. Some systems can require even larger dimensions. The lengths of pipe nipples are not constant. Generally, short nipples are shorter than one inch. Longer options are available, too, even up to 12 inches or longer. The long nipples link pipes over distances. Close nipples are best suited for limited areas.
- Thread Type: Make sure also that the thread type of your pipe nipple fits with your existing pipes and fittings. There are many common thread forms, including British Standard Pipe (BSP) and National Pipe Thread. Using the correct type is also essential because threads that do not match can lead to leaks and system failure.
- Pressure and Temperature Ratings: You also should review the pressure and temperature ratings of a pipe nipple to check that it will be up for handling your operational needs. Although brass or CPVC nipples are used in high-temperature systems, seamless or welded nipples will be required for higher-pressure systems. Selecting the right nipple means prolonging system life and safety.
- Application: Understand the role of the pipe nipple in your plumbing systems. Welded nipples, for example, are ideal for permanent high-pressure connections. Reducing nipples are also available to join pipes of different diameters.
Final Thoughts
Even though they look like small, simple items, pipe nipples are a big deal in plumbing. Each pipe nipple type serves different functions, and essentially, every kind of pipe nipple is essential in one way or another. Choosing an appropriate nipple can save you from costly repairs and ensure that your plumbing will last through its expected life.
