Brass raw materials are the most ancient in human history. Human research has made those raw materials stronger, smoother, and easy to use for people day by day. It’s because brass is lighter and more hue. In addition, different brass raw materials affect different changes to brass-made utensils. Today, we are going to discuss different raw materials of brass. So, stay tuned.

What Do Some Classic Brass Materials Do?

• Alpha Brass – There is only one phase: face-cantered cubic crystal form.
• Alpha-beta brasses – These brasses, sometimes known as duplex brass, are suitable for hot working. In addition, these brasses are brighter than alpha brasses due to the greater zinc content.
• Beta brasses are among the brightest and least golden of all the common brasses. This is because of their high zinc content and low copper content.
• White brass – Certainly, these are almost completely devoid of yellow pigment. And instead, have a silvery look.

Different Types Of Brass Raw Materials

It is important to choose the right brass material for your production. So, we’ve got a list of some popular brass materials for you. Certainly, you can choose the proper material for your requirements. Here you go:

UNS C37700 (CW612N)

Brass is a copper-zinc alloy with a high copper-t-zinc ratio. So, Brass alloys are easy to form and come in a variety of hues. As a result, brass is a good conductor of heat. Forging brass alloys with the UNS C37700 designation have good forge ability. They are found in the form of a rod.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Item	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Mn	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
C37700	58.0-61.0	0.30	1.2 – 2.5	Rem.	–	–	–	–	–	0.80

• Machinability

• Annealing

UNS C37700 brass alloys have a score of 80 in machinability rating.

• Welding

Brazing, soldering, and butt welding are the finest ways to weld UNS C37700 brass alloys. But the spot, oxyacetylene, seam, coated metal arc, and gas shield arc welding… do not suit these alloys.

• Forging

UNS C37700 brass alloys have a hot forge ability value of 100.

• Hot Working

Brass alloys with the UNS C37700 designation have a high hot-forming capacity.

• Cold working

UNS C37700 brass alloys have a limited cold working capacity.

C37700 is annealed at temperatures ranging from 427 to 595 degrees Celsius (800 to 1100 degrees Fahrenheit).

Applicable

For Instance, brass alloys with the UNS C37700 designation are used for the following purposes:

• Fittings
• Fasteners with a unique function
• Hardware for the building
• Components made of metal

UNS C36000

C36000 is a low-to-moderate strength material with outstanding machinability. This one is ideal if you are seeking a low-cost, moderate-to-low-strength brass alloy.

• Chemical Compositions For C36000

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Item	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Mn	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
UNS C36000	60.0-63.0	0.35	2.5-3.7	Rem.	–	–	–	–	–	0.85

•                   Typical Uses:

• Parts for machine screws
• Parts with a high volume
• Components for plumbing
• Adaptors and fittings
• Connectors for fluids

UNS C46400

It is yet another lead-free naval brass that can be used to make wrought goods. The addition of tin improves the alloy’s corrosion resistance and resistance to dezincification. Also, it provides good strength and stiffness. As a result, C46400 is far more resistant to the effects of seawater corrosion. The alloy provides good resistance to stress corrosion cracking and other noticeable features such as wear, fatigue, and galling resistance.

• Chemicals

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Mn	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
C46400	59-62	0.10	0.20	Rem.	–	–	0.5-1	–	–	–

CW602N {CZ132} DZR BRASS

CW602N is a duplex-structured leaded arsenical brass.

It is a brass alloy that provides strong resistance to dezincification. And it’s typical in hot working brasses. In addition, its machinability and formability are enhanced by its high strength and ductility. CW602N is commonly used in water fittings that need hot stamping and machining to manufacture. Also, the corrosion resistance of CW602N brass alloy is excellent.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Mn	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
CW602N	59.0-57.0	0.30	2.5-1.6	Rem.	0.05	–	0.30	–	0.30	0.20

• Joining Methods
• Excellent workable for soldering,
• Very good at brazing,
• Oxy-acetylene is not recommended for welding,
• In conclusion, Gas-shields arcs are also not recommended for welding.

Applications

This engineering material has a variety of commercial applications, including:

• Systems for moving fluids,
• Connections for water,
• Parts that have been hot molded and machined.

CW614N Brass

Brasses are divided into two categories. The alpha alloys include less than 37 percent zinc. On the other hand, the alpha/beta alloys contain 37 percent to 45 percent zinc. Alpha alloys may be cold-wrought and ductile. Also, cold ductility is limited in alpha/beta or duplex alloys, which are tougher and stronger. The CW614N /CZ121 is an alpha/beta alloy.

The brass alloy CW614N/CZ121 is used for machining. Moreover, lead has been added to the mix to improve machinability. Meanwhile, CZ121/CW614N is frequently utilized in the following situations:

• Components machined at a high rate
• Extractions used in architecture
• Locks
• Hinges

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Cu	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Mn	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
CW14N	57.0-59.0	0.30	2.5-3.5	Rem.	0.50	–	0.30	–	0.30	0.20

• Alloy Designations

In the same vain, CZ121/CW614N may or may not be a direct equal to the following designations:

• UNS C38500
• CuZn39Pb3

• Supplied Forms

CZ121/CW614N is often available in round, flat, square, hexagonal, bar, and hollow bar shapes.

• Corrosion resistance

CZ121/CW614N has high corrosion resistance.

• Cold working

Cold working with CZ121/CW614N is ineffective and should be avoided. However, it can be knurled if necessary.

• Hot-working

The hot working fabrication of CZ121/CW614N is outstanding. Working at a temperature of 630°C to 730°C is recommended.

• Heat treatment

Rapid cooling following heating to 430-600°C might be used for solution treatment or annealing.

• Machinability

CZ121/CW614N alloy has high machinability. It has a machinability value of 100… and its machinability is measured against other alloys.

• Weldability

CZ121/CW614N soldering is rated as exceptional, and the brazing rate is also good.

CZ122/CW617N- Stamping Brass

Stamping brass CW617N/CZ122 is usually sold as a rod for forging stock. However, it is also free machining. The material is primarily composed of 59 percent copper and 39 percent zinc, with a finely scattered 2 percent lead addition throughout the microstructure.

The material CW617N/CZ122 has a great combination of hot working and machining properties. Moreover, it is frequently used to make more complex hot-press components. Therefore, the corresponding grade of CW608N/CZ120 sheet material is also required to execute a contract.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
CW617N	58	0.28	2.2	Rem.	0.02	0.02	0.25	0.02	0.15	0.20

• Key features
• Hot-forming characteristics are excellent.
• Exceptional corrosion resistance.
• The Machinability rating is high.

Typical Applications

Sanitary appliances, door furniture, window fittings, taps, and valve parts. Also, automotive components, decorative items, brackets, clamps, housing, gears, cams… and other applications require high-precision machining.

CW625N

CW625N is an alloy that is used in place of CW602N. However, the dezincification resistance of the CW625N meets ISO 6509 standards. After the forging process, annealing at roughly 500 degrees Celsius… for about 2 hours is suggested for EN ISO 6509 standard compliance.

• Usage Field

Fittings for water that is corrosive(aggressive).

• Products Available

S625 alloy is available as rods, hollows, and profiles for forging and machining in our extrusion and cold drawing operation.

• Application Of Chemicals

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Item	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
CW625N	63	0.30	1.4	Rem.	0.6	–	0.30	0.15	0.20	0.20

Hpb59-1 bar

The cutting and drilling performance of Hpb59-1 brass is outstanding. It has good cutting performance, wear resistance, and high strength. Also, it has outstanding mechanical features like… good plasticity, easy cutting, easy welding, and corrosion resistance. Moreover, it comes in round, square, hexagonal, and rectangular bar shapes.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
Hpb59-1	57.0-60.0	0.50	0.8-1.9	Rem.	0.20	0.01	0.30	–	1.0	1.0

• Strength And Descriptions
• Excellent wear resistance
• Outstanding resistance to corrosion
• Excessive effort
• Results of hot forging
• Effective cutting
• The ability to self-lubricate

Lead-Free Brass: Cuzn4o

Lead-Free brass is a duplex alpha plus beta phase structure copper-zinc alloy with excellent hot-working capabilities. To forecast corrosion behavior, the service environment must be taken into account. In addition, Cu Zno4 has slightly superior cold-working and joining qualities… then the related low-leaded alloy CuZno4 PB. But it is more difficult to process plate, rod, and sections/shapes with this one as of its wrought form.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Mn	Si	Sn	P	Ni	Other Elements
CuZn4o	74	0.10	0.09	Rem.	0.10	2.9	0.20	0.10	0.10	0.20

• Architectural

Angles, channels, trim, heavy-gauge panels, and sheets are all extruded parts.

• Marine and chemistry

Tube plates for the condenser and heat exchanger.

• Mechanical

Limited cold bending or riveting is required for hot forgings and upset products.

CuZn21Si3P

New brass alloys with less or no lead are being developed… reducing the materials’ environmental impact. CuZn21Si3P, which includes less than 0.09 wt% PB, is one example of an alternative brass. Moreover, the research described in this article compares the machineability of CuZn21Si3P… to that of more popular free-machining brasses that contain lead. The findings reveal a significant drop in.

• Chemicals

Alloy		Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Mn	Si	Sn	P	Ni	Other Elements
CuZn21Si3P	76	0.30	0.10	Rem.	0.05	0.50	2.9	0.30	0.10	0.20	0.20

CW72CuZn15

CW72CuZn15 (CW502L) is a wrought alloy that cannot be hard. However, cold forming is the only way to achieve the high hardness and strength parameters. The corrosion resistance is comparable to that of pure copper. Processing characteristics: chilly, forming: mildly, warm forming: excellent. Machineability: soft and somewhat hard, soldering: excellent, welding: excellent, burnishing: excellent.

• Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Mn	Other Elements
Cuzn15	56-58	0.3-1	0.5-1.5	Rem.	0.1	–	0.2-0.8	–	0.5-2	0.5

CZ101 (CW501L)

CZ101 is a widely used sheet material for architectural, aesthetic, and craft purposes.

• Information

CZ101 contains roughly 90% copper and 10% zinc. It has good cold working and formability. That is why it is typically supplied in sheet form. Above all, this material is popular in craft and architectural applications due to its beautiful golden color. Engraving, brazing, soldering, and enameling of CZ101 are pretty simple. Moreover, it has a high resiliency.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
Cz101	89-91	0.10	0.05	Rem.	–	–	–	–	–	0.4

• Common Applications
• Navies’ equipment
• Shafts of propellers
• Components of missiles
• Hardware for the bathroom
• Vessels under pressure.

CZ106 (CW505L)

CZ106 brass alloy is an alpha brass with less than 37 percent zinc that is a ductile alloy. It is used for cold work and is commonly referred to as cartridge brass.

• Chemicals

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
Cz106	69-71	–	0.05	Balance	0.02	–	0.10	–	0.30	0.10

• Brass For Free-Machining

This free-machining brass has several tiny alloying elements to provide useful features… in addition to high corrosion characteristics and high tensile strength. Also, CZ106 combines strength and ductility. And has outstanding cold workability and superior deep-drawing qualities.

• Suitability

For alpha brasses. CZ106 offers good corrosion resistance and an ideal mix of strength and flexibility. The alloy has outstanding cold-farming qualities and great deep drawing characteristics. During soldering or brazing, the weldability is excellent.

Applications

• Tubes for heat exchange
• Components of chemical processing
• Presses for industrial use
• Components that have deep drawn and spun
• Fastenings and chains
• Extinguishers are used to put out fires

CZ108 (CW508L)

It is a basic brass with a zinc content of 37 percent.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
Cz108	62-64	0.10	0.80-0.10	Rem.	0.05	–	0.10	–	0.30	0.30

• Common Uses

This material has a variety of commercial applications, such as:

• Heat exchangers are devices that exchange heat
• Tanks for radiators
• Accessory components
• Components of the switch
• Holders for lamps
• Copper smiting, in general

CZ112 (CW712R)

CZ112, often known as naval brass, is a kind of brass that is extensively used in marine and subsea applications.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
Cz112	61.0-63.0	0.10	0.20-0.60	Rem.	0.05	–	1.50	–	0.20	0.20

• Resistance To Corrosion

CZ112 outperforms alpha brasses in terms of corrosion resistance and strength. And CZ122 has a tougher and stronger duplex stricter with outstanding hot formability.

• Common Uses
• Components for the sea
• Corrosion-resistant Fasteners
• Applicable for subsea hardware
• Heat exchangers are devices that exchange heat
• Machined components, in general
• Cold-headed items with high strength

CZ114 (CW721R)

It creates specific applications that demand increasing strength and corrosion resistance. In addition, CZ114 is a corrosion-resistant material that is non-sparking.

This material is applicable for metalwork with a decorative flair and gas shutoff valves. Useful components for the sea and components with a high-strength instrument of protection… Electrical connectors can stand a lot of abuse.

• Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	Ni	Mn	Other Elements
Cz114	57-59	1.20	0.80-1.60	Rem.	1.30	–	1.0	0.30	1.60	0.30

C28000

Muntz C28000 metal, sometimes known as 60/40, is a copper-zinc alloy. Sheet and plate C280 Muntz are the most common types. Also, CuZn40 is a duplex alpha-plus-beta brass with good hot-working properties. However, it’s poor in corrosion resistance compared to C464 Naval Brass. Architectural applications for C28000 Muntz include decorative panels, elevators, trim work, and signs.

• Chemical composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
C28000	60.0-63.0	0.35	2.5-3.7	Rem.	–	–	–	–	–	–

C3604

C3604 is a free-machining brass. It delivers maximum production on the fastest automatic machines. And the machine tools might also have a longer lifespan thanks to this brass. Also, it is commonly utilized in the lathe and CNC fabrication of fasteners, connectors, flanges, and other machine parts.

• Typical Chemical Composition

Alloy	Chemical Composition
Brass	Cu	Pb	Zn	Ai	Sb	Fe+Sn	As	Ni	Other Elements
C3604	57-61	0.50	1.8-3.7	Rem.	–	–	1.20	–	–	–

In conclusion, brass is tougher and more durable than copper but not as tough as steel. Therefore, it is simple to shape into a variety of shapes. So, you can choose any of these brass materials for your requirements… and start your production from now. Good Luck.